A survey was done on how libraries in developing countries are using open-source software. This was worsened by the COVID-19 pandemic, which affected all the library services and products. Libraries have been experiencing budget cuts over the years that affected subscriptions to various software. Among quantitative methods, the survey and descriptive methods have been the dominant research methods. open sources (Gkoumas & Lazarinis, 2015) Methods and tools Findings show, most studies have been conducted using quantitative methods.impact (Jabeen et al., 2017 Madle, Kostkova & Roudsari, 2008).electronic resources (Hariri, Nooshinfard & Radfar, 2014).task orientation (Meyyappan, Foo & Chowdhury, 2004).information security (Hariri & Nazari, 2012).analyse the user interface/usability of digital. analyse aspects and methods used in the evaluation of digital libraries (Azadi-Ahmadabadi, 2008 Cullen, 2003Cullen,, 2004Esfandiyari-moghadam & Bayat, 2008 Mehrabadi, 2011 Noroozi, 2012 Saracevic, 2005 Zhang, 2010).As Figure 3 suggests, the majority of studies were focused on evaluating the quality of digital libraries' services from the perspective of the users ( Goh et al., 2006 Jose, 2007 Masoudnia & Ali-Ebadi, 2013 Tripathi & Jeevan, 2011 Xie, 2006Xie,, 2008. These results draw a full picture of problems in tools usage, suggest digital humanities discipline further improve tools application and offer developers of software designed for humanities scholars some feedback to make them optimize these tools. The practice barriers can be divided into four types: content, technique, interface, and storage. As a result of this review, this paper finds problems in different categories of tools used in digital humanities. This study presents a wide systematic literature review (SLR) on the problems encountered by humanities scholars when adopting particular software tools in digital humanities projects. However, we currently have a fragmented and incomplete picture of what these problems actually are. To mitigate these problems and to improve the user experience of digital humanities collections, it is essential to understand the problems in detail. Humanities scholars face many problems when trying to design, build, present, and maintain digital humanities projects. Cost of money, time and labor Functions of submitting content Completeness All of the dataset is available and accessible Technique Ease of use Low complexity and intuitive to use Efficiency Useful and effective support of user goals Proficiency Required technical skill level(s) of users Quality Functionality of final system Interoperability Can share/connect with other systems Assistance Support of communities, resources and tool No code Full comprehension of the programming code is not mandatory Interface Visualization Dynamic and interactive visualization Language Multi-language support Responsiveness Response speed of webpage Search support Varied and effective tools for search and browse Storage Compatibility Compatibility with hardware Sustainability Long term use and storage Integrity Keeps the dataset uncorrupted and unmodified Safety Privacy protection, preservation of data Funding Continuous financial support. It also presents a number of realistic scenarios and proposes the usage of specific tools based on time, technology and staff constraints. – The study reviews the characteristics of a few OSS for digital libraries and collection management and reveals their specific strengths and weaknesses. – The findings of the paper could be used support the selection of specific open source tools for various types of establishments. Language support for the interfaces should be extended with more languages and some tools with limited operations should be improved to be of practical use. Most of the tools are extensively used under various settings and establishments already. – The basic findings of the study is that open source digital library and collection management tools offer advanced operations and support various metadata and interoperability protocols with easy and user-friendly interfaces. Then they are evaluated by users and finally a number of usage scenarios are analyzed based on the results of the evaluation. – The tools are assessed on the basis of their technical features and options, the type of the content they manage, the support for common library operations such as cataloging and circulation, the searching support and the interoperability options. – The purpose of this paper is to evaluate open source software (OSS) for digital libraries and collection management and to propose different utilization scenarios based on the characteristics of the tools.
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